Menahem was king of Israel (the Northern Kingdom) and came to power by murdering his predecessor Shallum. He is known for his extreme brutality, including the massacre at Tiphsah, and for paying tribute to Assyria to secure his rule. His reign marked a period of moral decay and political instability in Israel.
When Tiphsah refused to open its gates to him, Menahem captured the city and killed all its inhabitants. He even ripped open the wombs of pregnant women—an act of extreme brutality.
16At that time Menahem marched from Tirzah and attacked Tiphsah, everyone in it, and its surrounding territory, because the city refused to open its gates to him. He struck it down and ripped open all its pregnant women.
18He did what was evil in the eyes of the LORD. As long as he lived he did not turn away from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, who had made Israel sin.
When the king of Assyria, Pul (Tiglath-Pileser III), invaded the land, Menahem paid him a thousand talents of silver to gain his support in securing his hold on the throne.
20Menahem raised the silver from Israel, exacting fifty shekels of silver from every wealthy man, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria withdrew and did not remain in the land.