Ammon (Lot's son)

Ben-Ammi – Ancestor of the Ammonites

Los patriarcasAncestorEponymc. 2000 BC

Ben-Ammi was the son of Lot and his youngest daughter, conceived after the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. After the disaster, Lot and his two daughters took refuge in a mountain cave. The daughters, believing there were no other men left, got their father drunk with wine to ensure future descendants. The younger daughter gave birth to a son she named Ben-Ammi – a Hebrew name meaning 'son of my people'. Through him an entire nation arose: the Ammonites, who settled east of the Jordan River and established an independent kingdom with Rabbat-Ammon (present-day Amman in Jordan) as its capital. In biblical context, Ben-Ammi's origin shows the complex kinship between the Ammonites and Israel – both connected through Abraham and Lot. Although the Ammonites often stood in opposition to Israel throughout Old Testament history, their right to their land was recognized by God as an inheritance given to Lot's descendants.

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Hechos clave

Birth in the mountain caves after fleeing Sodom

After Lot and his daughters fled from Sodom, they settled in a cave in the mountains because Lot feared staying in Zoar. Lot's daughters, believing there were no other men left on earth, got their father drunk with wine to ensure descendants. The younger daughter became pregnant and gave birth to a son she named Ben-Ammi, meaning 'son of my people'. His brother Moab was born from the older daughter.

30Lot went up from Zoar and settled in the hills with his two daughters, because he was afraid to stay in Zoar. He lived in a cave, he and his two daughters.
וַיַּעַל֩ ל֨וֹט מִצּ֜וֹעַר וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בָּהָ֗ר וּשְׁתֵּ֤י בְנֹתָיו֙ עִמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א לָשֶׁ֣בֶת בְּצ֑וֹעַר וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה ה֖וּא וּשְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֹתָֽיו׃ ‬
31The older daughter said to the younger, "Our father is old, and there is no man in the land to come to us as is the custom everywhere on earth.
וַתֹּ֧אמֶר הַבְּכִירָ֛ה אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֖ה אָבִ֣ינוּ זָקֵ֑ן וְאִ֨ישׁ אֵ֤ין בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ לָב֣וֹא עָלֵ֔ינוּ כְּדֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ ‬
32Come, let us give our father wine to drink and lie with him, so we can preserve offspring through our father."
לְכָ֨ה נַשְׁקֶ֧ה אֶת־אָבִ֛ינוּ יַ֖יִן וְנִשְׁכְּבָ֣ה עִמּ֑וֹ וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע׃ ‬
33That night they gave their father wine to drink, and the older one went in and lay with her father. He was not aware of it when she lay down or when she got up.
וַתַּשְׁקֶ֧יןָ אֶת־אֲבִיהֶ֛ן יַ֖יִן בַּלַּ֣יְלָה ה֑וּא וַתָּבֹ֤א הַבְּכִירָה֙ וַתִּשְׁכַּ֣ב אֶת־אָבִ֔יהָ וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֥ע בְּשִׁכְבָ֖הּ וּבְקוּׄמָֽהּ׃‪[4]‬ ‬
34The next day the older said to the younger, "Last night I lay with my father. Let us give him wine to drink again tonight, and you go in and lie with him, so we can preserve offspring through our father."
וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הַבְּכִירָה֙ אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֔ה הֵן־שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי אֶ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִ֑י נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ יַ֜יִן גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה וּבֹ֙אִי֙ שִׁכְבִ֣י עִמּ֔וֹ וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע׃ ‬
35So that night also they gave their father wine to drink, and the younger one got up and lay with him. He was not aware of it when she lay down or when she got up.
וַתַּשְׁקֶ֜יןָ גַּ֣ם בַּלַּ֧יְלָה הַה֛וּא אֶת־אֲבִיהֶ֖ן יָ֑יִן וַתָּ֤קָם הַצְּעִירָה֙ וַתִּשְׁכַּ֣ב עִמּ֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֥ע בְּשִׁכְבָ֖הּ וּבְקֻמָֽהּ׃ ‬
36So both of Lot's daughters became pregnant by their father.
וֽ͏ַתַּהֲרֶ֛יןָ שְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֽוֹת־ל֖וֹט מֵאֲבִיהֶֽן׃ ‬
37The older gave birth to a son and named him Moab; he is the father of the Moabites to this day.
וַתֵּ֤לֶד הַבְּכִירָה֙ בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ מוֹאָ֑ב ה֥וּא אֲבִֽי־מוֹאָ֖ב עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃ ‬
38The younger also gave birth to a son and named him Ben-Ammi; he is the father of the Ammonites to this day.
וְהַצְּעִירָ֤ה גַם־הִוא֙ יָ֣לְדָה בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ בֶּן־עַמִּ֑י ה֛וּא אֲבִ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃ ס ‬

Ancestor of the Ammonites

Ben-Ammi became the ancestor of the Ammonites (Hebrew: בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן, bene ammon, 'sons of Ammon'), a people who settled east of the Jordan River in the area around what is now central Jordan. They developed into an independent nation with their own culture, religion, and kingdom, with Rabbah-Ammon as their capital.

38The younger also gave birth to a son and named him Ben-Ammi; he is the father of the Ammonites to this day.
וְהַצְּעִירָ֤ה גַם־הִוא֙ יָ֣לְדָה בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ בֶּן־עַמִּ֑י ה֛וּא אֲבִ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃ ס ‬

God's protection of the Ammonite territory

When the Israelites were traveling toward the Promised Land, they were explicitly instructed by God not to attack or provoke the Ammonites, because God had given this land to Lot's descendants as their possession. This shows that the kinship between Israel and the Ammonites through Abraham and Lot was recognized.

19When you approach the territory of the Ammonites, do not harass them or provoke them, for I will not give you any of the land of the Ammonites as a possession, since I have given it to the descendants of Lot as their possession."
וְקָרַבְתָּ֗ מ֚וּל בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן אַל־תְּצֻרֵ֖ם וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֣ר בָּ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹֽא־אֶ֠תֵּן מֵאֶ֨רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֤וֹן לְךָ֙ יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה כִּ֥י לִבְנֵי־ל֖וֹט נְתַתִּ֥יהָ יְרֻשָּֽׁה׃ ‬
20(That land too was reckoned as a land of Rephaim. Rephaim used to live there, though the Ammonites called them Zamzummim—
אֶֽרֶץ־רְפָאִ֥ים תֵּחָשֵׁ֖ב אַף־הִ֑וא רְפָאִ֤ים יָֽשְׁבוּ־בָהּ֙ לְפָנִ֔ים וְהָֽעַמֹּנִ֔ים יִקְרְא֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם זַמְזֻמִּֽים׃ ‬
21a people great and numerous and tall as the Anakim. But the LORD destroyed them before the Ammonites, who dispossessed them and settled in their place,
עַ֣ם גָּד֥וֹל וְרַ֛ב וָרָ֖ם כָּעֲנָקִ֑ים וַיַּשְׁמִידֵ֤ם יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּירָשֻׁ֖ם וַיֵּשְׁב֥וּ תַחְתָּֽם׃ ‬
37But you did not go near the land of the Ammonites, nor any part along the Jabbok River, nor the towns of the hill country — nothing that the LORD our God had forbidden us.
רַ֛ק אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹן לֹ֣א קָרָ֑בְתָּ כָּל־יַ֞ד נַ֤חַל יַבֹּק֙ וְעָרֵ֣י הָהָ֔ר וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ ‬