Jetur

Ishmael's son and ancestor of the Jeturites

Los patriarcasPatriarchc. 1900 BC

Jetur was one of Ishmael's twelve sons and a grandson of Abraham. He became the ancestor of the Jeturites, a people who lived east of the Jordan. The Jeturites are later mentioned in connection with wars against the eastern tribes of Israel.

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The Birth of Jetur as the Son of Ishmael

Jetur is mentioned as one of the twelve sons of Ishmael, who became patriarchs over their respective peoples.

15Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.
חֲדַ֣ד וְתֵימָ֔א יְט֥וּר נָפִ֖ישׁ וָקֵֽדְמָה׃ ‬
16These were the sons of Ishmael, and these were their names according to their settlements and encampments—twelve princes, each with his own tribe.
אֵ֣לֶּה הֵ֞ם בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׁמָעֵאל֙ וְאֵ֣לֶּה שְׁמֹתָ֔ם בְּחַצְרֵיהֶ֖ם וּבְטִֽירֹתָ֑ם שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר נְשִׂיאִ֖ם לְאֻמֹּתָֽם׃ ‬

Mentioned in the Genealogy of Ishmael in 1 Chronicles

Jetur is listed among the sons of Ishmael in the great genealogy in 1 Chronicles.

31Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.
יְט֥וּר נָפִ֖ישׁ וָקֵ֑דְמָה אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל׃ ס ‬

War against the Jeturites

The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh waged war against the Jeturites, Naphish, and Nodab, and defeated them because they trusted in God.

18The Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh had valiant men who carried shield and sword and drew the bow, trained for battle: forty-four thousand seven hundred sixty ready for military service.
בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְגָדִ֜י וַחֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁה֮ מִן־בְּנֵי־חַיִל֒ אֲ֠נָשִׁים נֹשְׂאֵ֨י מָגֵ֤ן וְחֶ֙רֶב֙ וְדֹ֣רְכֵי קֶ֔שֶׁת וּלְמוּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵא֥וֹת וְשִׁשִּׁ֖ים יֹצְאֵ֥י צָבָֽא׃ ‬
19They waged war against the Hagrites, and against Jetur, Naphish, and Nodab.
וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה עִם־הַֽהַגְרִיאִ֑ים וִיט֥וּר וְנָפִ֖ישׁ וְנוֹדָֽב׃ ‬
20They were given help against them, and the Hagrites and all their allies were handed over to them, for they cried out to God in the battle, and he answered their plea because they trusted in him.
וַיֵּעָזְר֣וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּנָּתְנ֤וּ בְיָדָם֙ הַֽהַגְרִיאִ֔ים וְכֹ֖ל שֶׁ֣עִמָּהֶ֑ם כִּ֠י לֵאלֹהִ֤ים זָעֲקוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְנַעְתּ֥וֹר לָהֶ֖ם כִּי־בָ֥טְחוּ בֽוֹ׃ ‬

Defeat and Spoil of the Jeturites

The eastern tribes of Israel took great spoil from the Jeturites, including camels, livestock, and donkeys, and took over their land.

21They carried off the livestock of the Hagrites: fifty thousand camels, two hundred fifty thousand sheep, two thousand donkeys, and a hundred thousand captives.
וַיִּשְׁבּ֣וּ מִקְנֵיהֶ֗ם גְּֽמַלֵּיהֶ֞ם חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֙לֶף֙ וְצֹ֗אן מָאתַ֤יִם וַחֲמִשִּׁים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וַחֲמוֹרִ֖ים אַלְפָּ֑יִם וְנֶ֥פֶשׁ אָדָ֖ם מֵ֥אָה אָֽלֶף׃ ‬
22Many fell slain, because the battle was God's. And they lived in their place until the exile.
כִּֽי־חֲלָלִ֤ים רַבִּים֙ נָפָ֔לוּ כִּ֥י מֵהָאֱלֹהִ֖ים הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיֵּשְׁב֥וּ תַחְתֵּיהֶ֖ם עַד־הַגֹּלָֽה׃ פ ‬

Ishmael's Twelve Princes as Fulfillment of the Promise

God had promised Abraham that Ishmael would become the father of twelve princes and a great nation. Jetur was one of these twelve princes, fulfilling this promise.

20As for Ishmael, I have heard you. I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and multiply him greatly. He will father twelve princes, and I will make him into a great nation.
וּֽלְיִשְׁמָעֵאל֘ שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ֒ הִנֵּ֣ה ׀ בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי אֹת֗וֹ וְהִפְרֵיתִ֥י אֹת֛וֹ וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֥י אֹת֖וֹ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר נְשִׂיאִם֙ יוֹלִ֔יד וּנְתַתִּ֖יו לְג֥וֹי גָּדֽוֹל׃ ‬

Mencionado en la Biblia (3)