Abner (Saul's cousin, military commander)

Saul's supreme commander and military leader

Le royaume uniMilitary commanderSupreme commanderKingmakerPolitical actorWarriorc. 1050–1005 BC

As commander-in-chief of Israel's army under King Saul, Abner, son of Ner and Saul's cousin, played a decisive role in the transition from Saul's to David's kingdom. He is first mentioned as Saul's military leader (1 Sam 14:50), appearing in the account of David and Goliath where he brought the young victor before the king. When David later pointed out his failure as the king's guard during a night raid, it revealed his close position beside Saul. After Saul's fall at Gilboa, Abner intervened as kingmaker and placed Ish-Bosheth on the throne over the northern tribes, while Judah followed David. Abner led Ish-Bosheth's forces in civil war against Joab, and during the battle at the pool of Gibeon he was forced to kill Joab's brother Asahel in self-defense. The break with Ish-Bosheth came when he accused Abner of taking Saul's concubine Rizpah—a act that in the culture of that time was interpreted as a move for the throne. Abner then began negotiations with David and Israel's elders to unite the entire kingdom under his rule. After agreement was reached in Hebron, Abner was nevertheless lured back and killed by Joab at the city gate as blood vengeance for Asahel. David mourned openly with fasting and lamentation, cursed Joab's deed and declared his own innocence—something that strengthened his moral standing among all the people.

Famille

PèreNer (brother of Kish, father of Abner)

Événements clés

Presented David to Saul after the victory over Goliath

Abner brought the young David before King Saul after the victory over the Philistine Goliath, when Saul wanted to know who the young warrior's father was.

1 S 17:55 Voir dans le contexte →

55As Saul watched David going out to meet the Philistine, he said to Abner, the commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is that young man?" Abner answered, "As surely as you live, my king, I do not know."

וְכִרְא֨וֹת שָׁא֜וּל אֶת־דָּוִ֗ד יֹצֵא֙ לִקְרַ֣את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אָמַ֗ר אֶל־אַבְנֵר֙ שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֔א בֶּן־מִי־זֶ֥ה הַנַּ֖עַר אַבְנֵ֑ר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְנֵ֔ר חֵֽי־נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אִם־יָדָֽעְתִּי׃ ‬

1 S 17:56 Voir dans le contexte →

56"Find out whose son this young man is," the king said.

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ שְׁאַ֣ל אַתָּ֔ה בֶּן־מִי־זֶ֖ה הָעָֽלֶם׃ ס ‬

1 S 17:57 Voir dans le contexte →

57As soon as David returned from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul, with the Philistine's head still in his hand.

וּכְשׁ֣וּב דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽהַכּוֹת֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֣י שָׁא֑וּל וְרֹ֥אשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י בְּיָדֽוֹ׃ ‬

1 S 17:58 Voir dans le contexte →

58"Whose son are you, young man?" Saul asked him. David answered, "I am the son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem."

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ שָׁא֔וּל בֶּן־מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה הַנָּ֑עַר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד בֶּֽן־עַבְדְּךָ֥ יִשַׁ֖י בֵּ֥ית הַלַּחְמִֽי׃ ‬

Rebuked by David for failing his guard duty

David publicly rebuked Abner for neglecting his duty as the king's guard, after David and Abishai took Saul's spear and water jug from the camp without being detected.

1 S 26:5 Voir dans le contexte →

5Then David set out and came to the place where Saul had camped. He saw the spot where Saul was lying, along with Abner son of Ner, the commander of his army. Saul was lying inside the camp's circle, with the troops camped around him.

וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֗ד וַיָּבֹא֮ אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָנָה־שָׁ֣ם שָׁאוּל֒ וַיַּ֣רְא דָּוִ֗ד אֶת־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָֽׁכַב־שָׁ֣ם שָׁא֔וּל וְאַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵ֖ר שַׂר־צְבָא֑וֹ וְשָׁאוּל֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וְהָעָ֖ם חֹנִ֥ים *סביבתו **סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃ ‬

1 S 26:7 Voir dans le contexte →

7So David and Abishai came to the troops by night, and there was Saul, lying asleep inside the camp's circle, his spear stuck in the ground by his head, with Abner and the troops lying around him.

וַיָּבֹא֩ דָוִ֨ד וַאֲבִישַׁ֥י ׀ אֶל־הָעָם֮ לַיְלָה֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה שָׁא֗וּל שֹׁכֵ֤ב יָשֵׁן֙ בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וַחֲנִית֥וֹ מְעוּכָֽה־בָאָ֖רֶץ *מראשתו **מְרַאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וְאַבְנֵ֣ר וְהָעָ֔ם שֹׁכְבִ֖ים *סביבתו **סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃ ס ‬

1 S 26:14 Voir dans le contexte →

14David shouted to the troops and to Abner son of Ner, "Aren't you going to answer, Abner?" Abner replied, "Who are you, shouting to the king?"

וַיִּקְרָ֨א דָוִ֜ד אֶל־הָעָ֗ם וְאֶל־אַבְנֵ֤ר בֶּן־נֵר֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲל֥וֹא תַעֲנֶ֖ה אַבְנֵ֑ר וַיַּ֤עַן אַבְנֵר֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה קָרָ֥אתָ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ פ ‬

1 S 26:15 Voir dans le contexte →

15David said to Abner, "Aren't you a man? Who is like you in Israel? Why, then, didn't you keep watch over your lord the king? Someone came to destroy the king, your lord.

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־אַבְנֵ֜ר הֲלוֹא־אִ֣ישׁ אַתָּ֗ה וּמִ֤י כָמ֙וֹךָ֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלָ֙מָּה֙ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ אֶל־אֲדֹנֶ֖יךָ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּי־בָא֙ אַחַ֣ד הָעָ֔ם לְהַשְׁחִ֖ית אֶת־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲדֹנֶֽיךָ׃ ‬

1 S 26:16 Voir dans le contexte →

16What you have done is not good. As surely as the LORD lives, you all deserve to die, because you did not guard your lord, the LORD's anointed. Now look around—where are the king's spear and the water jug that were by his head?"

לֹא־ט֞וֹב הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּה֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂיתָ֒ חַי־יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י בְנֵי־מָ֙וֶת֙ אַתֶּ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שְׁמַרְתֶּ֛ם עַל־אֲדֹנֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ רְאֵ֗ה אֵֽי־חֲנִ֥ית הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְאֶת־צַפַּ֥חַת הַמַּ֖יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר *מראשתו **מְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃ ‬

Appointed Ish-Bosheth as King

After Saul's death on Mount Gilboa, Abner took Saul's son Ish-Bosheth and made him king over Israel, while Judah followed David.

2 S 2:8 Voir dans le contexte →

8Meanwhile Abner son of Ner, the commander of Saul's army, had taken Ish-bosheth son of Saul and brought him over to Mahanaim,

וְאַבְנֵ֣ר בֶּן־נֵ֔ר שַׂר־צָבָ֖א אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְשָׁא֑וּל לָקַ֗ח אֶת־אִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙ בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל וַיַּעֲבִרֵ֖הוּ מַחֲנָֽיִם׃ ‬

2 S 2:9 Voir dans le contexte →

9and made him king over Gilead, the Ashurites, Jezreel, Ephraim, Benjamin—over all Israel.

וַיַּמְלִכֵ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־הַגִּלְעָ֔ד וְאֶל־הָאֲשׁוּרִ֖י וְאֶֽל־יִזְרְעֶ֑אל וְעַל־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ וְעַל־בִּנְיָמִ֔ן וְעַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כֻּלֹּֽה׃ פ ‬

2 S 2:10 Voir dans le contexte →

10Ish-bosheth son of Saul was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he reigned two years. But the house of Judah followed David.

בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֣שֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁא֗וּל בְּמָלְכוֹ֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּשְׁתַּ֥יִם שָׁנִ֖ים מָלָ֑ךְ אַ֚ךְ בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֔ה הָי֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃ ‬

The Battle at the Pool of Gibeon

Abner led Ish-Bosheth's men in battle against David's men under Joab at the pool of Gibeon. During the retreat, he was pursued by Asahel, Joab's brother, whom he was finally forced to kill in self-defense.

2 S 2:12 Voir dans le contexte →

12Abner son of Ner set out from Mahanaim to Gibeon with the servants of Ish-bosheth son of Saul.

וַיֵּצֵא֙ אַבְנֵ֣ר בֶּן־נֵ֔ר וְעַבְדֵ֖י אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֣שֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁא֑וּל מִֽמַּחֲנַ֖יִם גִּבְעֽוֹנָה׃ ‬

2 S 2:13 Voir dans le contexte →

13Joab son of Zeruiah and David's servants also set out, and they met them at the pool of Gibeon. One company sat down on one side of the pool, the other on the opposite side.

וְיוֹאָ֨ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֜ה וְעַבְדֵ֤י דָוִד֙ יָֽצְא֔וּ וַֽיִּפְגְּשׁ֛וּם עַל־בְּרֵכַ֥ת גִּבְע֖וֹן יַחְדָּ֑ו וַיֵּ֨שְׁב֜וּ אֵ֤לֶּה עַל־הַבְּרֵכָה֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְאֵ֥לֶּה עַל־הַבְּרֵכָ֖ה מִזֶּֽה׃ ‬

2 S 2:14 Voir dans le contexte →

14Abner said to Joab, "Let the young men get up and fight before us." Joab said, "Let them get up."

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַבְנֵר֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב יָק֤וּמוּ נָא֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וִֽישַׂחֲק֖וּ לְפָנֵ֑ינוּ וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יוֹאָ֖ב יָקֻֽמוּ׃ ‬

2 S 2:15 Voir dans le contexte →

15So they got up and were counted off: twelve for Benjamin and Ish-bosheth son of Saul, and twelve of David's servants.

וַיָּקֻ֖מוּ וַיַּעַבְר֣וּ בְמִסְפָּ֑ר שְׁנֵ֧ים עָשָׂ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֗ן וּלְאִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙ בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל וּשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר מֵעַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃ ‬

2 S 2:16 Voir dans le contexte →

16Each man seized his opponent by the head and drove his sword into his side, and they fell together. That is why the place at Gibeon is called Helkath-hazzurim.^[The name means "field of sword edges," or "field of flints."]

וַֽיַּחֲזִ֜קוּ אִ֣ישׁ ׀ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ רֵעֵ֗הוּ וְחַרְבּוֹ֙ בְּצַ֣ד רֵעֵ֔הוּ וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו וַיִּקְרָא֙ לַמָּק֣וֹם הַה֔וּא חֶלְקַ֥ת הַצֻּרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּגִבְעֽוֹן׃ ‬

2 S 2:17 Voir dans le contexte →

17The fighting that day was fierce beyond measure, and Abner and the men of Israel were beaten by David's servants.

וַתְּהִ֧י הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה קָשָׁ֥ה עַד־מְאֹ֖ד בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף אַבְנֵר֙ וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃ ‬

2 S 2:18 Voir dans le contexte →

18The three sons of Zeruiah were there: Joab, Abishai, and Asahel. Asahel was as fleet of foot as a wild gazelle.

וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָׁ֗ם שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙ קַ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו כְּאַחַ֥ד הַצְּבָיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃ ‬

2 S 2:19 Voir dans le contexte →

19Asahel chased after Abner, swerving neither right nor left as he pursued him.

וַיִּרְדֹּ֥ף עֲשָׂהאֵ֖ל אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְלֹֽא־נָטָ֣ה לָלֶ֗כֶת עַל־הַיָּמִין֙ וְעַֽל־הַשְּׂמֹ֔אול מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י אַבְנֵֽר׃ ‬

2 S 2:20 Voir dans le contexte →

20Abner looked back and said, "Is that you, Asahel?" "It is," he answered.

וַיִּ֤פֶן אַבְנֵר֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה עֲשָׂה‪[t]‬אֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אָנֹֽכִי׃ ‬

2 S 2:21 Voir dans le contexte →

21Abner said to him, "Turn aside to your right or your left; take on one of the young men and strip him of his gear." But Asahel would not stop chasing him.

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ אַבְנֵ֗ר נְטֵ֤ה לְךָ֙ עַל־יְמִֽינְךָ֙ א֣וֹ עַל־שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָ וֶאֱחֹ֣ז לְךָ֗ אֶחָד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְקַח־לְךָ֖ אֶת־חֲלִצָת֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֣ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל לָס֖וּר מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃ ‬

2 S 2:22 Voir dans le contexte →

22Again Abner said to Asahel, "Stop chasing me! Why should I strike you to the ground? How could I ever look your brother Joab in the face?"

וַיֹּ֧סֶף ע֣וֹד אַבְנֵ֗ר לֵאמֹר֙ אֶל־עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל ס֥וּר לְךָ֖ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י לָ֤מָּה אַכֶּ֙כָּה֙ אַ֔רְצָה וְאֵיךְ֙ אֶשָּׂ֣א פָנַ֔י אֶל־יוֹאָ֖ב אָחִֽיךָ׃ ‬

2 S 2:23 Voir dans le contexte →

23But he refused to turn aside, so Abner struck him in the stomach with the butt of his spear, and the spear came out through his back. He fell there and died on the spot. And everyone who came to the place where Asahel had fallen and died stopped there.

וַיְמָאֵ֣ן לָס֗וּר וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּ אַבְנֵר֩ בְּאַחֲרֵ֨י הַחֲנִ֜ית אֶל־הַחֹ֗מֶשׁ וַתֵּצֵ֤א הַֽחֲנִית֙ מֵאַחֲרָ֔יו וַיִּפָּל־שָׁ֖ם וַיָּ֣מָת *תחתו **תַּחְתָּ֑יו וַיְהִ֡י כָּל־הַבָּ֣א אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֩ אֲשֶׁר־נָ֨פַל שָׁ֧ם עֲשָׂה‪[t]‬אֵ֛ל וַיָּמֹ֖ת וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽדוּ׃ ‬

Break with Ish-Bosheth

After being accused by Ish-Bosheth of an alleged affair with Saul's concubine Rizpah, Abner became furious and decided to transfer the kingdom to David, as the Lord had promised him.

2 S 3:7 Voir dans le contexte →

7Now Saul had a concubine named Rizpah daughter of Aiah. And Ish-bosheth said to Abner, "Why have you slept with my father's concubine?"

וּלְשָׁא֣וּל פִּלֶ֔גֶשׁ וּשְׁמָ֖הּ רִצְפָּ֣ה בַת־אַיָּ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־אַבְנֵ֔ר מַדּ֥וּעַ בָּ֖אתָה אֶל־פִּילֶ֥גֶשׁ אָבִֽי׃ ‬

2 S 3:8 Voir dans le contexte →

8Abner was furious at Ish-bosheth's words and said, "Am I a dog's head from Judah? To this very day I have shown loyalty to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and his friends, and I have not handed you over to David—and now you charge me with an offense over this woman!

וַיִּחַר֩ לְאַבְנֵ֨ר מְאֹ֜ד עַל־דִּבְרֵ֣י אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הֲרֹ֨אשׁ כֶּ֥לֶב אָנֹ֘כִי֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִֽיהוּדָה֒ הַיּ֨וֹם אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־חֶ֜סֶד עִם־בֵּ֣ית ׀ שָׁא֣וּל אָבִ֗יךָ אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ וְאֶל־מֵ֣רֵעֵ֔הוּ וְלֹ֥א הִמְצִיתִ֖ךָ בְּיַד־דָּוִ֑ד וַתִּפְקֹ֥ד עָלַ֛י עֲוֺ֥ן הָאִשָּׁ֖ה הַיּֽוֹם׃ ‬

2 S 3:9 Voir dans le contexte →

9May God do so to Abner, and more, if I do not bring about for David exactly what the LORD swore to him:

כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ לְאַבְנֵ֔ר וְכֹ֖ה יֹסִ֣יף ל֑וֹ כִּ֗י כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לְדָוִ֔ד כִּֽי־כֵ֖ן אֶֽעֶשֶׂה־לּֽוֹ׃ ‬

2 S 3:10 Voir dans le contexte →

10to take the kingdom from the house of Saul and to establish David's throne over Israel and over Judah, from Dan to Beersheba."

לְהַֽעֲבִ֥יר הַמַּמְלָכָ֖ה מִבֵּ֣ית שָׁא֑וּל וּלְהָקִ֞ים אֶת־כִּסֵּ֣א דָוִ֗ד עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְעַל־יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדָּ֖ן וְעַד־בְּאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע׃ ‬

2 S 3:11 Voir dans le contexte →

11Ish-bosheth could not say another word to Abner, because he was afraid of him.

וְלֹֽא־יָכֹ֣ל ע֔וֹד לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־אַבְנֵ֖ר דָּבָ֑ר מִיִּרְאָת֖וֹ אֹתֽוֹ׃ ס ‬

2 S 3:12 Voir dans le contexte →

12Then Abner sent messengers on his own behalf to David, saying, "To whom does the land belong? Make a covenant with me, and look, my hand is with you to bring all Israel over to you."

וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ אַבְנֵ֨ר מַלְאָכִ֧ים ׀ אֶל־דָּוִ֛ד *תחתו **תַּחְתָּ֥יו לֵאמֹ֖ר לְמִי־אָ֑רֶץ לֵאמֹ֗ר כָּרְתָ֤ה בְרִֽיתְךָ֙ אִתִּ֔י וְהִנֵּה֙ יָדִ֣י עִמָּ֔ךְ לְהָסֵ֥ב אֵלֶ֖יךָ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ‬

Alliance with David

Abner negotiated with David and the elders of Israel and Benjamin to unite the entire kingdom under David's rule, and shared a meal with David in Hebron as a seal of the agreement.

2 S 3:17 Voir dans le contexte →

17Abner had also conferred with the elders of Israel, saying, "For some time now you have wanted David as your king.

וּדְבַר־אַבְנֵ֣ר הָיָ֔ה עִם־זִקְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר גַּם־תְּמוֹל֙ גַּם־שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם הֱיִיתֶ֞ם מְבַקְשִׁ֧ים אֶת־דָּוִ֛ד לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃ ‬

2 S 3:18 Voir dans le contexte →

18Now act, for the LORD has said to David, 'By the hand of my servant David I will save my people Israel from the hand of the Philistines and from the hand of all their enemies.'"

וְעַתָּ֖ה עֲשׂ֑וּ כִּ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אָמַ֤ר אֶל־דָּוִד֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בְּיַ֣ד ׀ דָּוִ֣ד עַבְדִּ֗י הוֹשִׁ֜יעַ אֶת־עַמִּ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִיַּ֣ד פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּמִיַּ֖ד כָּל־אֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃ ‬

2 S 3:19 Voir dans le contexte →

19Abner spoke to the Benjaminites as well. Then he went to Hebron to tell David everything that Israel and the whole house of Benjamin had agreed to.

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר גַּם־אַבְנֵ֖ר בְּאָזְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֑ין וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ גַּם־אַבְנֵ֗ר לְדַבֵּ֞ר בְּאָזְנֵ֤י דָוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן אֵ֤ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־טוֹב֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּבְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־בֵּ֥ית בִּנְיָמִֽן׃ ‬

2 S 3:20 Voir dans le contexte →

20When Abner came to David at Hebron with twenty men, David gave a feast for him and his men.

וַיָּבֹ֨א אַבְנֵ֤ר אֶל־דָּוִד֙ חֶבְר֔וֹן וְאִתּ֖וֹ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וַיַּ֨עַשׂ דָּוִ֧ד לְאַבְנֵ֛ר וְלַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁתֶּֽה׃ ‬

2 S 3:21 Voir dans le contexte →

21Abner said to David, "Let me go at once and gather all Israel to my lord the king, so that they may make a covenant with you and you may rule over everything your heart desires." So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְנֵ֣ר אֶל־דָּוִ֡ד אָק֣וּמָה ׀ וְֽאֵלֵ֡כָה וְאֶקְבְּצָה֩ אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְיִכְרְת֤וּ אִתְּךָ֙ בְּרִ֔ית וּמָ֣לַכְתָּ֔ בְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־תְּאַוֶּ֖ה נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וַיְּשַׁלַּ֥ח דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־אַבְנֵ֖ר וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃ ‬

Killed by Joab in Hebron

Joab lured Abner back to Hebron under the pretext of a conversation and killed him at the city gate to avenge his brother Asahel's death. David publicly mourned for Abner, fasted, sang a lament, and cursed Joab's action.

2 S 3:27 Voir dans le contexte →

27When Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside into the gateway as though to speak with him privately, and there he struck him in the stomach, and he died—in revenge for the blood of Joab's brother Asahel.

וַיָּ֤שָׁב אַבְנֵר֙ חֶבְר֔וֹן וַיַּטֵּ֤הוּ יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הַשַּׁ֔עַר לְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ בַּשֶּׁ֑לִי וַיַּכֵּ֤הוּ שָׁם֙ הַחֹ֔מֶשׁ וַיָּ֕מָת בְּדַ֖ם עֲשָׂה־אֵ֥ל אָחִֽיו׃ ‬

2 S 3:28 Voir dans le contexte →

28Later, when David heard of it, he said, "I and my kingdom are forever innocent before the LORD of the blood of Abner son of Ner.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע דָּוִד֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר נָקִ֨י אָנֹכִ֧י וּמַמְלַכְתִּ֛י מֵעִ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם מִדְּמֵ֖י אַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵֽר׃ ‬

2 S 3:29 Voir dans le contexte →

29May it fall on the head of Joab and on all his father's house! May the house of Joab never be without someone with a running sore or a skin disease, or a man who leans on a staff, or who falls by the sword, or who lacks food."

יָחֻ֙לוּ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ יוֹאָ֔ב וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑יו וְֽאַל־יִכָּרֵ֣ת מִבֵּ֣ית יוֹאָ֡ב זָ֠ב וּמְצֹרָ֞ע וּמַחֲזִ֥יק בַּפֶּ֛לֶךְ וְנֹפֵ֥ל בַּחֶ֖רֶב וַחֲסַר־לָֽחֶם׃ ‬

2 S 3:30 Voir dans le contexte →

30So Joab and his brother Abishai killed Abner, because he had killed their brother Asahel in the battle at Gibeon.

וְיוֹאָב֙ וַאֲבִישַׁ֣י אָחִ֔יו הָרְג֖וּ לְאַבְנֵ֑ר עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵמִ֜ית אֶת־עֲשָׂה־אֵ֧ל אֲחִיהֶ֛ם בְּגִבְע֖וֹן בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ פ ‬

2 S 3:31 Voir dans le contexte →

31Then David said to Joab and to all the people with him, "Tear your clothes, put on sackcloth, and walk in mourning before Abner." And King David himself walked behind the bier.

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־יוֹאָ֜ב וְאֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֗וֹ קִרְע֤וּ בִגְדֵיכֶם֙ וְחִגְר֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים וְסִפְד֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֔ד הֹלֵ֖ךְ אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמִּטָּֽה׃ ‬

2 S 3:32 Voir dans le contexte →

32They buried Abner in Hebron, and the king wept aloud at Abner's grave, and all the people wept.

וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ אֶת־אַבְנֵ֖ר בְּחֶבְר֑וֹן וַיִשָּׂ֧א הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֶת־קוֹל֗וֹ וַיֵּבְךְּ֙ אֶל־קֶ֣בֶר אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיִּבְכּ֖וּ כָּל־הָעָֽם׃ פ ‬

2 S 3:33 Voir dans le contexte →

33The king sang this lament for Abner: "Should Abner die the death of a fool?

וַיְקֹנֵ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־אַבְנֵ֖ר וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַכְּמ֥וֹת נָבָ֖ל יָמ֥וּת אַבְנֵֽר׃ ‬

2 S 3:34 Voir dans le contexte →

34Your hands were not bound, your feet were not put in irons. You fell as one who falls before treacherous men." And all the people wept over him again.

יָדֶ֣ךָ לֹֽא־אֲסֻר֗וֹת וְרַגְלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֹא־לִנְחֻשְׁתַּ֣יִם הֻגַּ֔שׁוּ כִּנְפ֛וֹל לִפְנֵ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַוְלָ֖ה נָפָ֑לְתָּ וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ כָל־הָעָ֖ם לִבְכּ֥וֹת עָלָֽיו׃ ‬