Felix (procurator)

The Roman procurator who postponed justice

L’Église primitiveLeaderc. 5–60 AD

Marcus Antonius Felix was a Roman procurator over Judea who held the apostle Paul imprisoned for two years. He was known for his brutal rule and his fear of the gospel's message about righteousness and the coming judgment, yet he kept Paul in prison to please the Jews and in hope of receiving a bribe.

Famille

Événements clés

Paul brought before Felix

The apostle Paul was taken from Jerusalem to Caesarea and brought before procurator Felix after the Romans rescued him from a Jewish conspiracy.

23Then he summoned two of his centurions and said, "Have two hundred soldiers ready to march to Caesarea, along with seventy horsemen and two hundred spearmen, by nine o'clock tonight.[^1]" [^1]: Literally "the third hour of the night," counting from about six in the evening.
Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενός ⸂τινας δύο⸃ τῶν ἑκατονταρχῶν εἶπεν· Ἑτοιμάσατε στρατιώτας διακοσίους ὅπως πορευθῶσιν ἕως Καισαρείας, καὶ ἱππεῖς ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ δεξιολάβους διακοσίους, ἀπὸ τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός,
24Also provide mounts for Paul, so that he may be brought safely to Felix the governor."
κτήνη τε παραστῆσαι ἵνα ἐπιβιβάσαντες τὸν Παῦλον διασώσωσι πρὸς Φήλικα τὸν ἡγεμόνα,
33When the horsemen came to Caesarea, they delivered the letter to the governor and handed Paul over to him.
οἵτινες εἰσελθόντες εἰς τὴν Καισάρειαν καὶ ἀναδόντες τὴν ἐπιστολὴν τῷ ἡγεμόνι παρέστησαν καὶ τὸν Παῦλον αὐτῷ.
34After reading the letter, he asked what province Paul was from, and when he learned that he was from Cilicia, he said,
ἀναγνοὺς ⸀δὲ καὶ ἐπερωτήσας ἐκ ποίας ⸀ἐπαρχείας ἐστὶν καὶ πυθόμενος ὅτι ἀπὸ Κιλικίας,
35"I will hear your case when your accusers arrive." Then he ordered that Paul be kept under guard in Herod's palace.
Διακούσομαί σου, ἔφη, ὅταν καὶ οἱ κατήγοροί σου παραγένωνται· ⸀κελεύσας ἐν τῷ πραιτωρίῳ ⸀τοῦ Ἡρῴδου φυλάσσεσθαι ⸀αὐτόν.

The trial of Paul

The high priest Ananias and the orator Tertullus accused Paul before Felix, but Paul defended himself by explaining that he worshiped God and believed in the Scriptures.

1Five days later the high priest Ananias came down with some of the elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, and they laid their case against Paul before the governor.
Μετὰ δὲ πέντε ἡμέρας κατέβη ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς Ἁνανίας μετὰ ⸂πρεσβυτέρων τινῶν⸃ καὶ ῥήτορος Τερτύλλου τινός, οἵτινες ἐνεφάνισαν τῷ ἡγεμόνι κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου.
2When Paul had been called in, Tertullus began his accusation: "Most excellent Felix, through you we enjoy great peace, and by your foresight reforms have been brought about for this nation.
κληθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ἤρξατο κατηγορεῖν ὁ Τέρτυλλος λέγων· Πολλῆς εἰρήνης τυγχάνοντες διὰ σοῦ καὶ ⸀διορθωμάτων γινομένων τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ διὰ τῆς σῆς προνοίας
10When the governor motioned for him to speak, Paul replied: "Knowing that you have been judge over this nation for many years, I make my defense cheerfully.
Ἀπεκρίθη ⸀τε ὁ Παῦλος νεύσαντος αὐτῷ τοῦ ἡγεμόνος λέγειν· Ἐκ πολλῶν ἐτῶν ὄντα σε κριτὴν τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ ἐπιστάμενος ⸀εὐθύμως τὰ περὶ ἐμαυτοῦ ἀπολογοῦμαι,
14But this I confess to you: I worship the God of our fathers according to the Way, which they call a sect, believing everything written in the Law and the Prophets,
ὁμολογῶ δὲ τοῦτό σοι ὅτι κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἣν λέγουσιν αἵρεσιν οὕτως λατρεύω τῷ πατρῴῳ θεῷ, πιστεύων πᾶσι τοῖς κατὰ τὸν νόμον καὶ ⸂τοῖς ἐν⸃ τοῖς προφήταις γεγραμμένοις,
21unless it was this one thing I shouted as I stood among them: 'It is because of the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial before you today.'"
ἢ περὶ μιᾶς ταύτης φωνῆς ἧς ἐκέκραξα ⸂ἐν αὐτοῖς ἑστὼς⸃ ὅτι Περὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν ἐγὼ κρίνομαι σήμερον ⸀ἐφʼ ὑμῶν.

Felix and Drusilla hear Paul

Felix and his Jewish wife Drusilla sent for Paul to hear him speak about faith in Christ Jesus.

24Some days later Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish. He sent for Paul and listened to him speak about faith in Christ Jesus.
Μετὰ δὲ ἡμέρας τινὰς παραγενόμενος ὁ Φῆλιξ σὺν Δρουσίλλῃ τῇ ⸀ἰδίᾳ γυναικὶ οὔσῃ Ἰουδαίᾳ μετεπέμψατο τὸν Παῦλον καὶ ἤκουσεν αὐτοῦ περὶ τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν ⸀Ἰησοῦν πίστεως.

Felix is frightened by the message

When Paulus spoke about righteousness, self-control, and the coming judgment, Felix was seized with fear and sent Paulus away, while at the same time hoping for a bribe.

25But as Paul spoke about righteousness, self-control, and the judgment to come, Felix grew afraid and said, "That is enough for now. You may go. When I find it convenient, I will send for you again."
διαλεγομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ περὶ δικαιοσύνης καὶ ἐγκρατείας καὶ τοῦ κρίματος τοῦ ⸀μέλλοντος ἔμφοβος γενόμενος ὁ Φῆλιξ ἀπεκρίθη· Τὸ νῦν ἔχον πορεύου, καιρὸν δὲ μεταλαβὼν μετακαλέσομαί σε·
26At the same time he was hoping that Paul would give him money, so he sent for him frequently and talked with him.
ἅμα καὶ ἐλπίζων ὅτι χρήματα δοθήσεται αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τοῦ ⸀Παύλου· διὸ καὶ πυκνότερον αὐτὸν μεταπεμπόμενος ὡμίλει αὐτῷ.

Paulus is held captive for two years

Felix kept Paulus in prison for two years without a verdict, to win favor with the Jews. When he was succeeded by Porcius Festus, he left Paulus in prison.

27When two years had passed, Felix was succeeded by Porcius Festus; and because he wanted to gain favor with the Jews, Felix left Paul in prison.
Διετίας δὲ πληρωθείσης ἔλαβεν διάδοχον ὁ Φῆλιξ Πόρκιον Φῆστον· θέλων τε ⸀χάριτα καταθέσθαι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ὁ Φῆλιξ κατέλιπε τὸν Παῦλον δεδεμένον.