Hiram (King of Tyre)
Solomon's Phoenician Allies
Hiram was king of the Phoenician city of Tyre and a close ally of both King David and King Solomon. He provided materials and craftsmen for the construction of Solomon's temple in Jerusalem, and the two kings entered into extensive trade agreements that brought great wealth to both kingdoms.
Familie
Schlüsselereignisse
Sent Materials to David's Palace
Hiram sent cedar trees, carpenters, and stonecutters to David to build his palace in Jerusalem as a sign of friendship between the two kings.
11Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, carpenters, and stonemasons, and they built a palace for David.
וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח חִירָ֨ם מֶֽלֶךְ־צֹ֥ר מַלְאָכִים֮ אֶל־דָּוִד֒ וַעֲצֵ֣י אֲרָזִ֔ים וְחָרָשֵׁ֣י עֵ֔ץ וְחָֽרָשֵׁ֖י אֶ֣בֶן קִ֑יר וַיִּבְנֽוּ־בַ֖יִת לְדָוִֽד׃
Agreement with Solomon on the Temple
When Solomon was building the temple, he made an agreement with Hiram for the delivery of cedar and cypress from Lebanon in exchange for wheat and oil.
1Solomon ruled over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines and on to the border of Egypt. They brought tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.
וּשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה הָיָ֤ה מוֹשֵׁל֙ בְּכָל־הַמַּמְלָכ֔וֹת מִן־הַנָּהָר֙ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְעַ֖ד גְּב֣וּל מִצְרָ֑יִם מַגִּשִׁ֥ים מִנְחָ֛ה וְעֹבְדִ֥ים אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה כָּל־יְמֵ֥י חַיָּֽיו׃ פ
2Solomon's provisions for a single day were thirty kors of fine flour and sixty kors of meal,
וַיְהִ֥י לֶֽחֶם־שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה לְי֣וֹם אֶחָ֑ד שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים כֹּר֙ סֹ֔לֶת וְשִׁשִּׁ֥ים כֹּ֖ר קָֽמַח׃
3ten fattened oxen, twenty pasture-fed cattle, and a hundred sheep and goats, besides deer, gazelles, roebucks, and fattened fowl.
עֲשָׂרָ֨ה בָקָ֜ר בְּרִאִ֗ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים בָּקָ֛ר רְעִ֖י וּמֵ֣אָה צֹ֑אן לְ֠בַד מֵֽאַיָּ֤ל וּצְבִי֙ וְיַחְמ֔וּר וּבַרְבֻּרִ֖ים אֲבוּסִֽים׃
4For he held sway over the whole region west of the Euphrates, from Tiphsah to Gaza, and over all its kings, and he had peace on every side.
כִּי־ה֞וּא רֹדֶ֣ה ׀ בְּכָל־עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֗ר מִתִּפְסַח֙ וְעַד־עַזָּ֔ה בְּכָל־מַלְכֵ֖י עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֑ר וְשָׁל֗וֹם הָ֥יָה ל֛וֹ מִכָּל־עֲבָרָ֖יו מִסָּבִֽיב׃
5So Judah and Israel lived in safety, everyone under his own vine and his own fig tree, from Dan to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon.
וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ יְהוּדָ֨ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לָבֶ֗טַח אִ֣ישׁ תַּ֤חַת גַּפְנוֹ֙ וְתַ֣חַת תְּאֵֽנָת֔וֹ מִדָּ֖ן וְעַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃ ס
6Solomon had forty thousand stalls of horses for his chariots and twelve thousand horsemen.
וַיְהִ֣י לִשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף אֻרְוֺ֥ת סוּסִ֖ים לְמֶרְכָּב֑וֹ וּשְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶף פָּרָשִֽׁים׃
7Those officers supplied provisions for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon's table, each in his appointed month; they let nothing be lacking.
וְכִלְכְּלוּ֩ הַנִּצָּבִ֨ים הָאֵ֜לֶּה אֶת־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה וְאֵ֧ת כָּל־הַקָּרֵ֛ב אֶל־שֻׁלְחַ֥ן הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ חָדְשׁ֑וֹ לֹ֥א יְעַדְּר֖וּ דָּבָֽר׃
8They also brought barley and straw for the horses and the swift steeds to the place where they were needed, each according to his assigned duty.
וְהַשְּׂעֹרִ֣ים וְהַתֶּ֔בֶן לַסּוּסִ֖ים וְלָרָ֑כֶשׁ יָבִ֗אוּ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִֽהְיֶה־שָּׁ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ כְּמִשְׁפָּטֽוֹ׃ ס
9God gave Solomon wisdom and very great insight, and a breadth of understanding as measureless as the sand on the seashore.
וַיִּתֵּן֩ אֱלֹהִ֨ים חָכְמָ֧ה לִשְׁלֹמֹ֛ה וּתְבוּנָ֖ה הַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וְרֹ֣חַב לֵ֔ב כַּח֕וֹל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת הַיָּֽם׃
10Solomon's wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the peoples of the East and all the wisdom of Egypt.
וַתֵּ֙רֶב֙ חָכְמַ֣ת שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵֽחָכְמַ֖ת כָּל־בְּנֵי־קֶ֑דֶם וּמִכֹּ֖ל חָכְמַ֥ת מִצְרָֽיִם׃
11He was wiser than anyone else—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and than Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol—and his fame spread through all the surrounding nations.
וַיֶּחְכַּם֮ מִכָּל־הָֽאָדָם֒ מֵאֵיתָ֣ן הָאֶזְרָחִ֗י וְהֵימָ֧ן וְכַלְכֹּ֛ל וְדַרְדַּ֖ע בְּנֵ֣י מָח֑וֹל וַיְהִֽי־שְׁמ֥וֹ בְכָֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם סָבִֽיב׃
12He composed three thousand proverbs, and his songs numbered a thousand and five.
וַיְדַבֵּ֕ר שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים מָשָׁ֑ל וַיְהִ֥י שִׁיר֖וֹ חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה וָאָֽלֶף׃
Supplied Skilled Craftsmen
Hiram sent his best craftsmen, including a master bronze worker also named Hiram, to help with the construction and decoration of the temple.
13King Solomon sent and brought Hiram from Tyre.
וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וַיִּקַּ֥ח אֶת־חִירָ֖ם מִצֹּֽר׃
14He was the son of a widow from the tribe of Naphtali, and his father had been a man of Tyre, a worker in bronze. He was filled with skill, understanding, and knowledge to do every kind of work in bronze. He came to King Solomon and carried out all his work.
בֶּן־אִשָּׁה֩ אַלְמָנָ֨ה ה֜וּא מִמַּטֵּ֣ה נַפְתָּלִ֗י וְאָבִ֣יו אִישׁ־צֹרִי֮ חֹרֵ֣שׁ נְחֹשֶׁת֒ וַ֠יִּמָּלֵא אֶת־הַחָכְמָ֤ה וְאֶת־הַתְּבוּנָה֙ וְאֶת־הַדַּ֔עַת לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה בַּנְּחֹ֑שֶׁת וַיָּבוֹא֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וַיַּ֖עַשׂ אֶת־כָּל־מְלַאכְתּֽוֹ׃
Joint Trading Expeditions
Hiram and Solomon cooperated in sending fleets of ships to Ophir to bring back gold, silver, ivory, and other valuable goods.
26King Solomon also built a fleet of ships at Ezion Geber, near Elath on the shore of the Red Sea,* in the land of Edom.
*Hebrew: Sea of Reeds.
וָאֳנִ֡י עָשָׂה֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה בְּעֶצְיֽוֹן־גֶּ֨בֶר אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֶת־אֵל֛וֹת עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת יַם־ס֖וּף בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אֱדֽוֹם׃
27And Hiram sent his servants—sailors who knew the sea—to serve in the fleet with Solomon's men.
וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח חִירָ֤ם בּֽ͏ָאֳנִי֙ אֶת־עֲבָדָ֔יו אַנְשֵׁ֣י אֳנִיּ֔וֹת יֹדְעֵ֖י הַיָּ֑ם עִ֖ם עַבְדֵ֥י שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃
28They sailed to Ophir and brought back four hundred and twenty talents of gold, which they delivered to King Solomon.
וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אוֹפִ֔ירָה וַיִּקְח֤וּ מִשָּׁם֙ זָהָ֔ב אַרְבַּע־מֵא֥וֹת וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים כִּכָּ֑ר וַיָּבִ֖אוּ אֶל־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃ פ
Received twenty cities in Galilee
After the temple and the royal palace were completed, Solomon gave twenty cities in the region of Galilee to Hiram as payment, but Hiram was not satisfied with them.
10At the end of the twenty years during which Solomon built these two buildings—the house of the LORD and the royal palace—
וַיְהִ֗י מִקְצֵה֙ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּנָ֥ה שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה אֶת־שְׁנֵ֣י הַבָּתִּ֑ים אֶת־בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
11King Solomon gave twenty towns in Galilee to Hiram king of Tyre, because Hiram had supplied him with all the cedar and cypress timber and gold he desired.
חִירָ֣ם מֶֽלֶךְ־צֹ֠ר נִשָּׂ֨א אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה בַּעֲצֵי֩ אֲרָזִ֨ים וּבַעֲצֵ֧י בְרוֹשִׁ֛ים וּבַזָּהָ֖ב לְכָל־חֶפְצ֑וֹ אָ֡ז יִתֵּן֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה לְחִירָם֙ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים עִ֔יר בְּאֶ֖רֶץ הַגָּלִֽיל׃
12But when Hiram came from Tyre to inspect the towns Solomon had given him, he was not pleased with them.
וַיֵּצֵ֤א חִירָם֙ מִצֹּ֔ר לִרְאוֹת֙ אֶת־הֶ֣עָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַן־ל֖וֹ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וְלֹ֥א יָשְׁר֖וּ בְּעֵינָֽיו׃
13"What are these towns you have given me, my brother?" he said. And he named them the Land of Cabul,* a name they bear to this day.
*Cabul sounds like a Hebrew expression meaning "good for nothing."
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מָ֚ה הֶעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תָּה לִּ֖י אָחִ֑י וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶם֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כָּב֔וּל עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ פ
14Now Hiram had sent the king a hundred and twenty talents of gold.
וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח חִירָ֖ם לַמֶּ֑לֶךְ מֵאָ֥ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים כִּכַּ֥ר זָהָֽב׃