Issachar

Jacob's ninth son and the patriarch of the tribe of Issachar

Aussi appelé : Issakar, Issachar

Les patriarchesPatriarchc. 1900–1750 BC

Issachar was the ninth son of the patriarch Jacob and the fifth son of his wife Leah. He became the ancestor of one of Israel's twelve tribes. The tribe of Issachar was known for its wisdom and understanding of the times, and settled in the fertile Jezreel Valley in the Promised Land.

Famille

Événements clés

The Birth of Issachar

Leah gave birth to her fifth son and named him Issachar, which means 'reward', because she believed God had rewarded her.

17God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son.
וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־לֵאָ֑ה וַתַּ֛הַר וַתֵּ֥לֶד לְיַעֲקֹ֖ב בֵּ֥ן חֲמִישִֽׁי׃ ‬
18Then Leah said, "God has given me my wages, because I gave my servant to my husband." So she named him Issachar.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶר לֵאָ֗ה נָתַ֤ן אֱלֹהִים֙ שְׂכָרִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי שִׁפְחָתִ֖י לְאִישִׁ֑י וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יִשָׂשכָֽר׃ ‬

Jacob's Journey to Egypt

Issachar was among Jacob's sons who traveled down to Egypt with their families when there was a famine in Canaan.

13the sons of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Iob, and Shimron;
וּבְנֵ֖י יִשָׂשכָ֑ר תּוֹלָ֥ע וּפֻוָּ֖ה‪[t]‬ וְי֥וֹב וְשִׁמְרֽוֹן׃ ‬

Jacob's Blessing over Issachar

On his deathbed, Jacob blessed his sons and described Issachar as a strong donkey that bows under its burden and becomes a servant working hard in a fertile land.

14Issachar is a strong-boned donkey, lying down between the saddlebags.
יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר חֲמֹ֣ר גָּ֑רֶם רֹבֵ֖ץ בֵּ֥ין הַֽמִּשְׁפְּתָֽיִם׃ ‬
15He saw that his resting place was good and that the land was pleasant, so he bent his shoulder to the load and became a slave at forced labor.
וַיַּ֤רְא מְנֻחָה֙ כִּ֣י ט֔וֹב וְאֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ כִּ֣י נָעֵ֑מָה וַיֵּ֤ט שִׁכְמוֹ֙ לִסְבֹּ֔ל וַיְהִ֖י לְמַס־עֹבֵֽד׃ ס ‬

Census in the Wilderness

During the census at Sinai, the tribe of Issachar was counted as having 54,400 men fit for battle, making it one of the larger tribes.

28The descendants of Issachar: all the men twenty years old and upward who were fit for military service were listed by name, according to their genealogy, by clan and family.
לִבְנֵ֣י יִשָּׂשכָ֔ר תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא׃ ‬
29The number from the tribe of Issachar was 54,400.
פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַטֵּ֣ה יִשָּׂשכָ֑ר אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת׃ פ ‬

Moses' Blessing over Issachar

Moses blessed the tribe of Issachar along with Zebulun and encouraged them to rejoice in their tents and in their journeys.

18Of Zebulun he said: Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out, and Issachar, in your tents.
וְלִזְבוּלֻ֣ן אָמַ֔ר שְׂמַ֥ח זְבוּלֻ֖ן בְּצֵאתֶ֑ךָ וְיִשָּׂשכָ֖ר בְּאֹהָלֶֽיךָ׃ ‬
19They summon peoples to the mountain; there they offer the sacrifices of righteousness. They feast on the abundance of the seas and on the treasures hidden in the sand.
עַמִּים֙ הַר־יִקְרָ֔אוּ שָׁ֖ם יִזְבְּח֣וּ זִבְחֵי־צֶ֑דֶק כִּ֣י שֶׁ֤פַע יַמִּים֙ יִינָ֔קוּ וּשְׂפוּנֵ֖י טְמ֥וּנֵי חֽוֹל׃ ס ‬

Issachar's Inheritance in Canaan

The tribe of Issachar received its inheritance in the fertile area around the Jezreel Valley, which included sixteen cities with surrounding villages.

17The fourth lot came out for Issachar, for the Issacharites, clan by clan.
לְיִ֨שָׂשכָ֔ר יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הָֽרְבִיעִ֑י לִבְנֵ֥י יִשָׂשכָ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָֽם׃ ‬
18Their territory included Jezreel, Kesulloth, Shunem,
וַיְהִ֖י גְּבוּלָ֑ם יִזְרְעֶ֥אלָה וְהַכְּסוּלֹ֖ת וְשׁוּנֵֽם׃ ‬
19Hapharaim, Shion, Anaharath,
וַחֲפָרַ֥יִם וְשִׁיאֹ֖ן וַאֲנָחֲרַֽת׃ ‬
20Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez,
וְהָֽרַבִּ֥ית וְקִשְׁי֖וֹן וָאָֽבֶץ׃ ‬
21Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah, and Beth Pazzez.
וְרֶ֧מֶת וְעֵין־גַּנִּ֛ים וְעֵ֥ין חַדָּ֖ה וּבֵ֥ית פַּצֵּֽץ׃ ‬
22The border touched Tabor, Shahazumah, and Beth Shemesh, and ended at the Jordan—sixteen towns with their villages.
וּפָגַע֩ הַגְּב֨וּל בְּתָב֤וֹר *ושחצומה **וְשַׁחֲצִ֙ימָה֙ וּבֵ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ וְהָי֛וּ תֹּצְא֥וֹת גְּבוּלָ֖ם הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן עָרִ֥ים שֵׁשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃ ‬
23These towns and their villages were the inheritance of the tribe of Issachar, clan by clan.
זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־יִשָׂשכָ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם הֶעָרִ֖ים וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃ פ ‬

Mentionné dans la Bible (18)