Tarshish

Son of Javan and ancestor of a seafaring people

Aussi appelé : Tharsis

Les patriarchesPatriarchUnknown, after the flood

Tarshish was a son of Javan, grandson of Japheth, and great-grandson of Noah. He is known as an ancestor of a people and a region associated with distant sea voyages and wealth. The name Tarshish later became linked to a famous port city and trading region, often connected with the western Mediterranean, and is best known as the place the prophet Jonah tried to flee to.

Famille

Événements clés

Mentioned in the table of nations

Tarshish is mentioned as one of the sons of Javan in the genealogy after the flood, showing how the peoples spread across the earth.

4The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim, and the Dodanim.
וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּתִּ֖ים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃ ‬

Repeated in Chronicles

Tarshish's genealogy is repeated in 1 Chronicles as part of Japheth's descendants.

7The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites.
וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה כִּתִּ֖ים וְרוֹדָנִֽים׃ ס ‬

Solomon's Tarshish Ships

King Solomon had a fleet of Tarshish ships that sailed on long trading voyages and brought back gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.

22The king had a fleet of Tarshish ships at sea along with Hiram's fleet. Once every three years the fleet would come in, carrying gold and silver, ivory, apes, and baboons.[^1] [^1]: "Tarshish ships" refers to large ocean-going trading vessels. The final item in the list is uncertain; it may mean baboons or peacocks.
כִּי֩ אֳנִ֨י תַרְשִׁ֤ישׁ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּיָּ֔ם עִ֖ם אֳנִ֣י חִירָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁלֹ֨שׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֳנִ֣י תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאֵת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקֹפִ֖ים וְתֻכִּיִּֽים׃ ‬
21for the king had a fleet of ships that sailed to Tarshish with Huram's servants. Once every three years the ships of Tarshish would return, bringing gold and silver, ivory, apes, and baboons. [footnote: The meaning of the Hebrew word rendered "baboons" is uncertain; it may refer to peacocks.]
כִּֽי־אֳנִיּ֤וֹת לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הֹלְכ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ עִ֖ם עַבְדֵ֣י חוּרָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁל֨וֹשׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹאנָה ׀ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאוֹת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקוֹפִ֖ים וְתוּכִּיִּֽים׃ פ ‬

Jonah's Flight to Tarshish

The prophet Jonah tried to flee from the Lord's call by taking a ship to Tarshish, the farthest known destination in the west, away from Nineveh.

1The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai:
וַֽיְהִי֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־יוֹנָ֥ה בֶן־אֲמִתַּ֖י לֵאמֹֽר׃ ‬
2"Get up, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry out against it, for their wickedness has risen up before me."
ק֠וּם לֵ֧ךְ אֶל־נִֽינְוֵ֛ה הָעִ֥יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖ם לְפָנָֽי׃ ‬
3But Jonah got up to flee to Tarshish, away from the LORD. He went down to Joppa, found a ship bound for Tarshish, paid the fare, and boarded it to sail with them to Tarshish, away from the LORD.
וַיָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֨רֶד יָפ֜וֹ וַיִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה ׀ בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜הּ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּהּ֙ לָב֤וֹא עִמָּהֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ ‬

Tarshish in Isaiah's Prophecies

The prophet Isaiah prophesies about the destruction of the Tarshish ships and the fall of the city, as well as about Tarshish's future role in bringing God's people back.

1An oracle concerning Tyre: Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, without house, without harbor. From the land of Cyprus the word came to them.
מַשָּׂ֖א צֹ֑ר הֵילִ֣ילוּ ׀ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ כִּֽי־שֻׁדַּ֤ד מִבַּ֙יִת֙ מִבּ֔וֹא מֵאֶ֥רֶץ כִּתִּ֖ים נִגְלָה־לָֽמוֹ׃ ‬
6Cross over to Tarshish; wail, you who live on the coast.
עִבְר֖וּ תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה הֵילִ֖ילוּ יֹ֥שְׁבֵי אִֽי׃ ‬
10Overflow your land like the Nile, daughter of Tarshish; there is nothing to restrain you anymore.
עִבְרִ֥י אַרְצֵ֖ךְ כַּיְאֹ֑ר בַּת־תַּרְשִׁ֕ישׁ אֵ֖ין מֵ֥זַח עֽוֹד׃ ‬
14Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is destroyed.
הֵילִ֖ילוּ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּ֥י שֻׁדַּ֖ד מָעֻזְּכֶֽן׃ ס ‬
9Surely the coastlands wait for me, the ships of Tarshish in the lead, to bring your sons from far away, their silver and their gold with them, for the name of the LORD your God, for the Holy One of Israel, because he has glorified you.
כִּֽי־לִ֣י ׀ אִיִּ֣ים יְקַוּ֗וּ וָאֳנִיּ֤וֹת תַּרְשִׁישׁ֙ בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנָ֔ה לְהָבִ֤יא בָנַ֙יִךְ֙ מֵֽרָח֔וֹק כַּסְפָּ֥ם וּזְהָבָ֖ם אִתָּ֑ם לְשֵׁם֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔יִךְ וְלִקְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֥י פֵאֲרָֽךְ׃ ‬

Tarshish in Ezekiel's Lament over Tyre

In Ezekiel's prophecy concerning Tyre, Tarshish is described as an important trading partner that traded in silver, iron, tin, and lead.

12Tarshish traded with you because of your great wealth of goods; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your merchandise.
תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל־ה֑וֹן בְּכֶ֤סֶף בַּרְזֶל֙ בְּדִ֣יל וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶת נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃ ‬
25The ships of Tarshish carried your wares. You were filled with cargo, heavy laden in the heart of the seas.
אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ שָׁרוֹתַ֖יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֑ךְ וַתִּמָּלְאִ֧י וַֽתִּכְבְּדִ֛י מְאֹ֖ד בְּלֵ֥ב־יַמִּֽים׃ ‬

Mentionné dans la Bible (2)