Tarshish

Son of Javan and ancestor of a coastal people

Aussi appelé : Tarshish

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Tarshish was a son of Javan and grandson of Japheth, who in turn was a son of Noah. He is regarded as the ancestor of a people living by the coast, likely connected to distant Tarshish (Tartessos) in the western Mediterranean region. The name Tarshish is also associated with seafaring and long-distance trade in the Bible.

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Événements clés

Mentioned in Noah's genealogy

Tarshish is mentioned as a son of Javan in the post-flood genealogy, as part of the table of nations in Genesis.

4The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim, and the Dodanim.
וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּתִּ֖ים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃ ‬

The Table of Nations in 1 Chronicles

Tarshish is mentioned again in the genealogy in 1 Chronicles as one of Javan's sons, confirming his place among the origins of the peoples.

7The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites.
וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה כִּתִּ֖ים וְרוֹדָנִֽים׃ ס ‬

Tarsis Ships and Wealth

The name Tarsis is linked to distant sea voyages and trade. King Solomon and King Jehoshaphat had Tarsis ships that brought gold, silver, ivory, and exotic goods.

22The king had a fleet of Tarshish ships at sea along with Hiram's fleet. Once every three years the fleet would come in, carrying gold and silver, ivory, apes, and baboons.[^1] [^1]: "Tarshish ships" refers to large ocean-going trading vessels. The final item in the list is uncertain; it may mean baboons or peacocks.
כִּי֩ אֳנִ֨י תַרְשִׁ֤ישׁ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּיָּ֔ם עִ֖ם אֳנִ֣י חִירָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁלֹ֨שׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֳנִ֣י תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאֵת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקֹפִ֖ים וְתֻכִּיִּֽים׃ ‬
49Jehoshaphat built a fleet of trading ships to sail to Ophir for gold, but they never sailed, for the ships were wrecked at Ezion Geber.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֡ט *עשר **עָשָׂה֩ אֳנִיּ֨וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֜ישׁ לָלֶ֧כֶת אוֹפִ֛ירָה לַזָּהָ֖ב וְלֹ֣א הָלָ֑ךְ כִּֽי־*נשברה **נִשְׁבְּר֥וּ אֳנִיּ֖וֹת בְּעֶצְי֥וֹן גָּֽבֶר׃ ‬

The Prophecy about Tarsis in Isaiah

The prophet Isaiah delivers a prophecy concerning Tarsis, describing the destruction of its ships and trading activities as a sign of God's judgment against pride and wealth.

1An oracle concerning Tyre: Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, without house, without harbor. From the land of Cyprus the word came to them.
מַשָּׂ֖א צֹ֑ר הֵילִ֣ילוּ ׀ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ כִּֽי־שֻׁדַּ֤ד מִבַּ֙יִת֙ מִבּ֔וֹא מֵאֶ֥רֶץ כִּתִּ֖ים נִגְלָה־לָֽמוֹ׃ ‬
6Cross over to Tarshish; wail, you who live on the coast.
עִבְר֖וּ תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה הֵילִ֖ילוּ יֹ֥שְׁבֵי אִֽי׃ ‬
10Overflow your land like the Nile, daughter of Tarshish; there is nothing to restrain you anymore.
עִבְרִ֥י אַרְצֵ֖ךְ כַּיְאֹ֑ר בַּת־תַּרְשִׁ֕ישׁ אֵ֖ין מֵ֥זַח עֽוֹד׃ ‬
14Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is destroyed.
הֵילִ֖ילוּ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּ֥י שֻׁדַּ֖ד מָעֻזְּכֶֽן׃ ס ‬

Jonah's Escape Route to Tarsis

When the prophet Jonah tried to flee from God's call, he boarded a ship bound for Tarsis, which represented the farthest place one could travel—away from God's presence.

3But Jonah got up to flee to Tarshish, away from the LORD. He went down to Joppa, found a ship bound for Tarshish, paid the fare, and boarded it to sail with them to Tarshish, away from the LORD.
וַיָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֨רֶד יָפ֜וֹ וַיִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה ׀ בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜הּ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּהּ֙ לָב֤וֹא עִמָּהֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ ‬

Tarsis in Ezekiel's Prophecies

In Ezekiel's lament over Tyre, Tarsis is mentioned as an important trading partner that exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead with the powerful commercial city.

12Tarshish traded with you because of your great wealth of goods; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your merchandise.
תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל־ה֑וֹן בְּכֶ֤סֶף בַּרְזֶל֙ בְּדִ֣יל וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶת נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃ ‬
25The ships of Tarshish carried your wares. You were filled with cargo, heavy laden in the heart of the seas.
אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ שָׁרוֹתַ֖יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֑ךְ וַתִּמָּלְאִ֧י וַֽתִּכְבְּדִ֛י מְאֹ֖ד בְּלֵ֥ב־יַמִּֽים׃ ‬

Mentionné dans la Bible (3)