Dan (Bilhah's son)

Ancestor of one of the tribes of Israel

The patriarchsPatriarchc. 1750 BC

Dan was the fifth son of Jacob, born to Bilhah, Rachel's maidservant. He became the ancestor of the tribe of Dan, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Dan is known for its warriors, including the judge Samson.

Family

Key events

The Birth of Dan

Dan was born to Bilhah, Rachel's servant woman, after Rachel gave her to Jacob because she herself was childless. Rachel named him Dan and said: 'God has judged me.'

5Bilhah conceived and bore Jacob a son.
וַתַּ֣הַר בִּלְהָ֔ה וַתֵּ֥לֶד לְיַעֲקֹ֖ב בֵּֽן׃ ‬
6Then Rachel said, "God has judged in my favor; he has heard my voice and given me a son." So she named him Dan.
וַתֹּ֤אמֶר רָחֵל֙ דָּנַ֣נִּי אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְגַם֙ שָׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלִ֔י וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֖י בֵּ֑ן עַל־כֵּ֛ן קָרְאָ֥ה שְׁמ֖וֹ דָּֽן׃ ‬

Jacob's Blessing over Dan

On his deathbed, Jacob prophesied over Dan, saying he would judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel, and compared him to a snake by the road.

16Dan will judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
דָּ֖ן יָדִ֣ין עַמּ֑וֹ כְּאַחַ֖ד שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ‬
17Dan will be a serpent by the road, a viper along the path, that bites the horse's heels so that its rider falls backward.
יְהִי־דָן֙ נָחָ֣שׁ עֲלֵי־דֶ֔רֶךְ שְׁפִיפֹ֖ן עֲלֵי־אֹ֑רַח הַנֹּשֵׁךְ֙ עִקְּבֵי־ס֔וּס וַיִּפֹּ֥ל רֹכְב֖וֹ אָחֽוֹר׃ ‬
18I wait for your salvation, LORD.
לִֽישׁוּעָתְךָ֖ קִוִּ֥יתִי יְהוָֽה׃ ‬

The Journey to Egypt

Dan was among Jacob's sons who traveled to Egypt during the famine and later settled there with his family.

23The sons of Dan: Hushim.
וּבְנֵי־דָ֖ן חֻשִֽׁים׃ ‬

Moses' Blessing over Dan

Moses blessed the tribe of Dan before his death and called Dan a lion's cub that springs forth from Bashan.

22Of Dan he said: Dan is a lion's cub, leaping out from Bashan.
וּלְדָ֣ן אָמַ֔ר דָּ֖ן גּ֣וּר אַרְיֵ֑ה יְזַנֵּ֖ק מִן־הַבָּשָֽׁן׃ ‬