Andra MosebokenKapitel 35

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Moses assembled the whole congregation of the Israelites and said to them, "These are the things the LORD has commanded you to do:

For six days work may be done, but the seventh day shall be holy for you, a sabbath of complete rest to the LORD. Whoever does any work on it shall be put to death.

You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day."

Moses said to the whole congregation of the Israelites, "This is what the LORD has commanded:

Take from among you an offering to the LORD. Let everyone whose heart is willing bring it as the LORD's offering: gold, silver, and bronze;

blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goats' hair;

ram skins dyed red, fine leather, and acacia wood;

oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;

onyx stones and other stones to be set in the ephod and the breastpiece.

Let everyone among you who is skilled come and make everything the LORD has commanded:

the tabernacle with its tent and covering, its clasps and frames, its crossbars, pillars, and bases;

the ark with its poles, the atonement cover, and the curtain that screens it;

the table with its poles and all its utensils, and the bread of the Presence;

the lampstand for the light with its utensils and lamps, and the oil for the light;

the altar of incense with its poles, the anointing oil and the fragrant incense, and the screen for the entrance to the tabernacle;

the altar of burnt offering with its bronze grating, its poles and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;

the hangings of the courtyard with its pillars and bases, and the screen for the gate of the courtyard;

the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the courtyard, and their ropes;

the finely woven garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments for his sons to serve as priests."

Then the whole congregation of the Israelites withdrew from Moses' presence.

And everyone whose heart stirred him and everyone whose spirit moved him came and brought the LORD's offering for the work on the tent of meeting, for all its service, and for the holy garments.

They came, both men and women; all who were willing in heart brought brooches, earrings, rings, and pendants—every kind of gold ornament—everyone presenting an offering of gold to the LORD.

Everyone who had blue, purple, or scarlet yarn, fine linen, goats' hair, ram skins dyed red, or fine leather brought them.

Everyone who could give an offering of silver or bronze brought it as the LORD's offering, and everyone who had acacia wood for any part of the work brought it.

Every skilled woman spun with her hands and brought what she had spun: blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.

And all the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goats' hair.

The leaders brought the onyx stones and the other stones to be set in the ephod and the breastpiece,

along with the spices and the oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.

So every man and woman whose heart moved them brought something for all the work the LORD had commanded through Moses; the Israelites brought it as a freewill offering to the LORD.

Then Moses said to the Israelites, "See, the LORD has called by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah,

and has filled him with the Spirit of God, with skill, understanding, and knowledge in every kind of craft,

to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,

to cut and set stones and to carve wood—to work in every kind of artistic craft.

And he has given both him and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, the ability to teach others.

He has filled them with skill to do all kinds of work as engravers, designers, embroiderers in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and fine linen, and as weavers—masters of every craft and designers of artistic works.

Uppslag

Sammanfattning2

Kapitel 35

Main Theme: Moses gathers the people of Israel to remind them of the Sabbath commandment and to invite voluntary offerings and labor for the Tabernacle.

Content: Moses assembles the entire congregation of Israel and begins with the command to keep the Sabbath holy—the seventh day is to be a complete rest for the Lord. He then urges everyone with a willing heart to bring freewill offerings of materials such as gold, silver, bronze, textiles, skins, oil, spices, and precious stones. Both men and women respond generously, and the women spin yarn with their own hands. God has chosen Bezalel from the tribe of Judah and Oholiab from the tribe of Dan, filling them with God's Spirit, wisdom, and skill to lead and teach in all kinds of craftsmanship.

Key Words/Images:

Sabbath (שַׁבָּת): The weekly day of rest set apart for the Lord; kindling fire is forbidden on this day.
Freewill Offering (תְּרוּמָה/נְדָבָה): Offerings given from a willing heart, forming the foundation of the entire Tabernacle project.
Wisdom in the Heart (חָכְמַת־לֵב): God-given skill and insight that enable craftsmen to carry out holy work.
Bezalel and Oholiab: The two chief craftsmen whom God appointed and filled with His Spirit to lead the construction.

Historisk kontext

Historical and Cultural Context for Exodus 35

People

Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur (בְּצַלְאֵל בֶּן־אוּרִי בֶן־חוּר, v. 30) from the tribe of Judah is introduced as the chief craftsman, "called by name" by God—an expression indicating special selection. His name means "in God’s shadow/protection." His abilities are described as divinely given rather than based on human experience alone.

Oholiab son of Ahisamach (אָהֳלִיאָב בֶּן־אֲחִיסָמָךְ, v. 34) from the tribe of Dan is mentioned as Bezalel’s assistant. His name may mean "my father’s tent" or "father’s tent." The fact that representatives from both Judah and Dan worked together illustrates that the sanctuary work united the entire people across tribal boundaries.

Events and Customs

The Sabbath command in verses 2–3 is repeated specifically before the construction work begins, establishing an important principle: even holy work for God must yield to Sabbath rest. The prohibition against kindling fire (לֹא־תְבַעֲרוּ אֵשׁ, v. 3) on the Sabbath is unique to this chapter and later became the basis for extensive rabbinic discussion about what constitutes "work."

Freewill offering (תְּרוּמָה/נְדָבָה) stands at the center of the chapter. Unlike imposed taxes, the sanctuary gifts had to come from "everyone whose heart moves him" (כָּל־נְדִיב לִבּוֹ, v. 5). The materials brought in verses 21–29—gold, silver, bronze, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, fine linen, goat hair, tanned rams’ skins, and "tahash" skins—represent valuable resources that the people gave willingly.

Key Terms

"Wise of heart" (חֲכַם־לֵב, v. 10, and similar expressions concerning women in vv. 25–26) is a Hebrew expression describing craftsmanship skill. In biblical thought, the "heart" was regarded as the seat of both intellect and will, so "wisdom in the heart" denotes practical knowledge and technical ability—not merely theoretical understanding.

Terumah (תְּרוּמָה)—"heave offering" or "gift"—comes from a root meaning "to lift up." The term indicates that the gift is "lifted" from the profane to holy use. This distinguished it from other types of offerings in that the material was not burned but used directly in the sanctuary.

Personer7

Bezalel (son of Uri, grandson of Hur)1 Uri (father of Bezalel)1 Oholiab1 Ahisamach1 Aaron1 Hur1 Moses2

Alla personer →

Nyckelord7

Moses — The prophet and leader who led the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God.
Sabbath day — A holy day of rest to be kept weekly, where no work is to be done but time is to be used to honor God.
Holy place — A special place dedicated to God's worship and presence, often a temple or tabernacle.
Contribution — Gifts or donations given voluntarily for a specific cause, in this case the building of the holy place.
Craftsmen — People with special skills in art, design, and construction who work on making materials and objects.
Ark of the Covenant — A chest made of acacia wood and gold that contained the Ten Commandments, also known as the Ark of the Testimony.
High priest — The supreme religious leader responsible for performing the most important ceremonies and rituals in the holy place.