PsalmenKapitel 21

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For the choirmaster. A psalm of David.

O LORD, the king rejoices in your strength; how greatly he exults in your salvation!

You have given him his heart's desire and have not withheld the request of his lips. Selah

For you come to meet him with rich blessings; you set a crown of pure gold on his head.

He asked you for life, and you gave it to him—length of days forever and ever.

Great is his glory through your salvation; you bestow splendor and majesty upon him.

You grant him blessings forever; you make him glad with the joy of your presence.

For the king trusts in the LORD, and through the steadfast love of the Most High he will not be shaken.

Your hand will find all your enemies; your right hand will find those who hate you.

You will make them like a fiery furnace at the time of your appearing; the LORD will swallow them up in his wrath, and fire will consume them.

You will wipe their offspring from the earth, their descendants from among the children of men.

Though they plot evil against you and devise schemes, they will not succeed.

For you will put them to flight when you aim your bowstrings at their faces.<f>Hebrew: you will make them turn their back.</f>

Be exalted, O LORD, in your strength! We will sing and praise your might.

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Zusammenfassung2

Kapitel 21

Main Theme: A royal thanksgiving psalm that praises God for victory, blessing, and the protection of the king.

Content: The psalm opens with the king's joy over God's strength and salvation (vv. 2–3). God has richly blessed the king with a crown of gold, long life, and honor (vv. 4–7). The king trusts in the Lord and will not waver, while enemies will be struck by God's judgment (vv. 8–13). The psalm concludes with an exhortation to exalt the Lord and sing of His might (v. 14).

Key Words/Images:

Crown of gold (פָּז): A symbol of royal honor and God's abundant blessing upon the king (v. 4).
Eternal life: The king asked for life and received days without end—an expression of God's faithful care (v. 5).
Fiery furnace: Enemies will be consumed as in a burning furnace—a picture of God's judgment on the wicked (v. 10).
Trust (בֹּטֵחַ): The king's unwavering trust in the Lord is the foundation of his stability (v. 8).

Historischer Kontext

Historical and Cultural Context for Psalm 21

People

Psalm 21 is a royal thanksgiving psalm concerning the king (מֶלֶךְ, melekh), who according to the superscription is David. The psalm portrays the relationship between God and the anointed king, where the king holds a unique position as God’s representative on earth. The king is referred to as the Lord’s anointed (mashiach) and stands in a special covenantal relationship with God. The psalm may have been used at coronations or during celebrations of military victories.

Events and Customs

The crown of gold (v. 4) is explicitly mentioned: עֲטֶרֶת פָּז (ateret paz, "a crown of pure gold"). In the ancient Near East, the coronation of a king was a central religious ceremony. The crown symbolized divine blessing and authority. That God "places" the crown upon the king’s head emphasizes that kingship is a gift from the Lord, not something seized by the king himself.

The furnace-of-fire motif (v. 10) – the expression כְּתַנּוּר אֵשׁ (ketannur esh, "like a fiery furnace") refers to kilns used for pottery or metal smelting. This powerful image of total destruction was known throughout the ancient world and also appears in Assyrian and Babylonian royal inscriptions describing victory over enemies.

Key Terms

יְשׁוּעָה (yeshu'ah) – "salvation" or "victory" (vv. 2, 6). This word carries both military and spiritual meaning, describing God’s intervention that grants the king victory in war.

חֶסֶד (chesed) – "steadfast love" or "grace" (v. 8). This central covenant term describes God’s faithful, unshakable love toward those He has chosen. The king’s stability ("shall not be moved") is rooted in God’s chesed.

עוֹלָם וָעֶד (olam va'ed) – "forever and ever" (v. 5). The expression concerning the length of life given to the king points toward dynastic promises and was later understood messianically in Jewish and Christian tradition, as a reference to the coming eternal king.

Personen1

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Schlüsselwörter9

Psalm — A poetic religious song or poem, often used in worship services and devotion.
Lord — A title for God expressing respect and reverence; denotes God's sovereignty and authority.
Salvation — God's act of saving people from sin and its consequences, and granting them eternal life.
Enemies — Persons or forces opposed to God and His people; symbolize evil and resistance.
King — A leader with supreme authority in a kingdom; in Psalm 21 it refers both to an earthly king and to God as the ultimate King.
Strength — God's power and ability to protect, support, and help His people.
Life — The existence of humans and creatures; in a spiritual context it can also refer to eternal life with God.
Joy — A feeling of happiness and contentment that comes from being in God's presence and experiencing His blessings.
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